Planning and construction
Design is a process aimed at identifying the essential properties of an object and its components by detailing and supplementing the available information, performing calculations, and making decisions to optimize the initial properties of the object. The result of information processing is a project - a technically sound and cost-effective model for the construction or reconstruction of an object.
Types of design
- Depending on the construction tasks, the types of design can be changed or combined:
- Design of ground construction;
- Landscape design;
- Design of engineering structures;
- Special design.
It is important to bear in mind that design in construction is often used in combination rather than in individual forms. For example, when constructing a building:
- architectural design;
- landscape design;
- engineering communications design;
- design of security and communication systems;
- development of a design project, etc.
Design stages
According to the standards, the design sequence of any object or system is carried out in several stages.
Main stages:
- pre-design work;
- design;
- work documents.
At the stage of pre-design work, the company providing the relevant services evaluates the technical and economic indicators of the object and the area allocated for construction, reviews all the initial data, and then develops the project. Along with the sketch, the customer makes decisions on the measurement and planning of the area.
The main stage is the preparation of project documentation based on the terms of reference, its examination and approval by government organizations, as well as the calculation of financial costs for the project.
As part of the working documentation, the customer receives all the drawings, calculations and reference data on the equipment and materials necessary for construction or reconstruction, based on which the developer proceeds with the implementation of the project.
